intellectual disability (ID) in the MC-ASRS study, the measure showed lower sensitivity (77%) and poor specificity (52%) with a suboptimal AUC (0.71) (Li et al., 2018). The Modified Chinese ASRS (MC-ASRS) was developed for the Chinese people and it demonstrated good sensitivity (94%) and favorable specificity (82%) with excellent area under the curve (AUC, 0.95) in Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) analysis, when comparing the ASD sample with the general population sample (Zhou et al., 2017). NPV negative predictive valueĪfter the initial psychometric study by the developers, there were three replication studies. The correlation between the ASRS Total T-score and the CARS total score was a bit lower (mean corrected correlation coefficient 0.43).īASRS-Chinese has 2 versions Unmodified Chinese version (UC) and Modified Chinese version (MC modified for Chinese culture) The ASRS Total T-score had moderate correlations with the GARS Autism Index and the GADS Asperger’s Disorder Quotient (mean corrected correlation coefficient 0.59 and 0.55, respectively). The convergent-validity was investigated by comparing the ASRS with the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-2nd edition (GARS), the Gilliam Asperger’s Disorder Scale (GADS), and the clinician administered the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) (Gilliam, 2001, 2006 Schopler et al., 2010). ![]() ![]() The test-retest reliability (rated over 2- to 4-week interval) and the inter-rater reliability were also excellent (correlation coefficient ranging 0.87–0.9 and 0.83–0.92, respectively). The initial psychometric study, as shown in Table 1, compared the ASD sample with the general population sample, and the Autism Spectrum Rating Scales 6–18 years Parent Report (ASRS) yielded excellent sensitivity and specificity (both > 90%). The Autism Spectrum Rating Scales manual indicates that the initial psychometric study included 2560 ratings with 40 males and 40 females at each age, representative of the US population across several demographic variables. It has 2 age-versions (age 2–5 years and 6–18 years) and 2 informant-versions (parent and teacher rating). Since its first publication in 2009, when it was originally developed within the framework of the DSM-IV, it has gone through two modifications: (1) in 2012, it was altered to accommodate for non-verbal children (2) in 2014, it was updated to match the DSM-5 criteria. The Autism Spectrum Rating Scales is a relatively understudied instrument which was developed for screening of children with ASD concerns (Goldstein & Naglieri, 2009). As the prevalence of ASD has significantly increased over the past 10 years with the revision of diagnostic criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th edition (DSM-5), which identifies broader phenotypes of autism, there has been greater need for screening measures that can effectively identify children with ASD concerns (American Psychiatric Association, 2013 Maenner, 2021 Maenner et al., 2014). More comprehensive diagnostic measures consist of parental interview, such as the Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised and the Monteiro Interview Guidelines for Diagnosing the Autism Spectrum, and direct behavioral observation, such as the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale-2 (Constantino & Gruber, 2012 Goldstein & Naglieri, 2009 Le Couteur et al., 2003 Lord et al., 2012 Lord & Rutter, 2003 Monteiro & Stegall, 2018 Robins et al., 2014 Schopler et al., 2010). Common screening measures include the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers-Revised with Follow Up, Social Responsiveness Scale-2, Autism Spectrum Rating Scales, and Social Communication Questionnaire. Screening measures typically involve parents and/or teachers to identify children with ASD concerns. Given the importance of early intervention to reduce lifelong impacts of ASD, accurate screening is a necessary first step. ![]() Current epidemiologic estimates in the US indicate that ASD occurs in 1 out of 44 children (Maenner, 2021) and causes significant burden for individuals, their family, and society (Baxter et al., 2015 Kohane et al., 2012 Lavelle et al., 2014 Marsack-Topolewski & Church, 2019 Ou et al., 2015 Taneja et al., 2017). It has been well known that core symptoms of ASD manifest in very early childhood and sustain throughout development. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an early-onset neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairment in social communication/interaction and restricted repetitive behaviors (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
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A review of speech tone tests shows that the CARS-2 is one of the most widely validated autism assessments.Īutism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with communication deficits, repetitive patterns, behaviors, and activities. ![]() Prompt testing is extremely crucial especially in emergency situations like the current COVID-19 pandemic the world is struggling with today. Reviewing these articles reveals that some tests have been used more in recent years due to their specialized subtests or easy and fast administration. In this study, 19 autism screening tests were evaluated and The Autism Spectrum Quotient was found to have the shortest administration time while The Gilliam Autism Rating Scale had the longest, and the only test that varied in duration was the Autism Screening Instrument for educational planning. The tests were examined in terms of year of publication, duration, age range, assessment method, subtests, and psychometric properties and furthermore, they were reviewed in details. This study was a review of autism screening tools hence, an electronic search through databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Medline, SID, and Magiran was performed from 2000 to 2021. ![]() The purpose of this study is to review the existing autism screening tools, their subtests, administration, scoring, and application in clinical and research contexts in children and adults. As screening tests are tools to quantify communication-interactive abilities of speech and language therefore, to evaluate, screen, diagnose and treat various aspects of one’s abilities, they are necessary. Ready to send your invoice? Convert the document into a PDF file and send it via email or standard mail, or send a view-only copy of the invoice to your client directly. Adjust the fields as needed (for example, adding another service or product line item), review and revise any mistakes, and then save the document to Google Drive. You can set it so anyone with the link can view the document, or only share it with certain individuals. Next, you can share the link to the invoice with your team and collaborate on the details. You can also save filled-in copies of the invoice to use for similar projects. We recommend saving a blank copy for your records and then duplicating the template for future invoices. To start creating an invoice, simply download the free invoice template and open the document in Google Docs or Google Drive.
Second, change the current database to dvdrental sample database: \c dvdrental Code language: Shell Session ( shell ) ![]() It’ll prompt you to enter a password for the postgres user. 1) PostgreSQL DESCRIBE TABLE using psqlįirst, connect to the PostgreSQL server using the psql tool: psql -U postgres Code language: Shell Session ( shell ) However, you can query the information in columns of a table in a couple of ways. PostgreSQL does not support the DESCRIBE statement. If you have been using MySQL, you typically use the DESCRIBE statement to find the information about a table. In this tutorial, you have learned how to use the Db2 CREATE TABLE statement to create a new table in a database.Summary: in this tutorial, you will learn how to use the psql tool and information_schema to describe tables in PostgreSQL. ![]() To add new rows to the stores table, you use the INSERT statement. You can view its content by using the following SELECT statement: SELECT * FROM stores It means that the store_id will store unique values that identify all rows of the table.Īfter executing the CREATE TABLE statement, you will find the stores table appears in the database catalog. The store_id is the primary key column of the stores table specified by the PRIMARY KEY constraint at the end of the statement.The zip_code column is a varying character column with a maximum length of 6.The city_id and state_id are integer columns.The address_line_2 is a nullable column so it can store NULL values. The address_line_2 is a varying character column with a maximum length of 100.The address_line_1 is also a varying character column with a maximum length of 255 and does not accept NULL.It has a NOT NULL constraint that will enforce non-null values. The store_name is a varying character ( VARCHAR) column with a maximum length of 150.The NOT NULL constraint ensures that the store_id will not accept any NULL value. The GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY clause marks the store_id column as an identity column so that when you insert a new row into the stores table, Db2 will automatically generate a sequential integer for the store_id column. The store_id column is an integer column.Store_id INT GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY NOT NULL, The following example uses the CREATE TABLE statement to create a new table named stores: CREATE TABLE stores( Note that you’ll learn more about these constraints in the next tutorial. Third, specify the table constraint such as PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY and CHECK constraints.Each column is associated with a specific data type and may have constraint such as NOT NULLand CHECK constraint. ![]() Second, specify a list of columns of the table.You can optionally specify the schema to which the table belongs. The name of the table must be unique within the schema. First, specify the name of the table that you want to create.The following shows the simplified syntax of the CREATE TABLE statement: CREATE TABLE table_name (Ĭode language: SQL (Structured Query Language) ( sql ) To create a new table, you use the CREATE TABLE statement. Typically, a table contains multiple columns. A column always stores values of the same type. However, the columns of the table have the order that is specified when the table created.Ī column in a table is associated with a specific data type e.g., character string, numeric, or temporal. The rows of a table do not have a specified order. ![]() Tables are made up of columns and rows, like a spreadsheet. Tables are logical objects in Db2 that stores data. Introduction to the Db2 CREATE TABLE statement Summary: in this tutorial, you will learn how to create a new table in the database by using the Db2 CREATE TABLE statement. ![]() Modeling with Symmetry allows mirrored changes on the model.Advanced spline nodes power new capsule possibilities, while improved Vector Import support makes it easier than ever to work with Illustrator and SVG artwork. Create entirely new shapes with a bevy of powerful new interactive modeling tools, many of which can also be applied procedurally via Node Capsules. Automatically transform the topology of any mesh using ZRemesher. The Unified Simulation System allows simulations to be calculated on either the CPU or GPU and is highly multi-threaded, offering improved performance with complex cloth simulations.Ĭreating 3D objects has never been easier thanks to a broad collection of new procedural and interactive modeling tools. With the new Unified Simulation System you can achieve more realistic-looking simulations that incorporate multiple objects with different simulation characteristics such as cloth, ropes and soft bodies. We’re bringing the best of Maxon technology together with integrations across Maxon One into Redshift, Red Giant, ZBrush and Forger. ![]() The latest update for Moves by Maxon makes it even easier to capture face and body movements. Unified Simulations gain artist-friendly features and support for soft-body simulations. This release provides some of the most-wanted features among our artists – comprehensive modeling symmetry, in-place asset management and native OCIO support. Cinema 4D produces stunning results, whether working on your own or in a team.Ĭinema 4D 2023 brings standout features for all Cinema 4D users and integrates technology across the Maxon family. Its fast, powerful, flexible and stable toolset make 3D workflows more accessible and efficient for design, motion graphics, VFX, AR/MR/VR, game development and all types of visualization professionals. Cinema 4D is a professional 3D modeling, animation, simulation and rendering software solution. Her writing often reflects a deep understanding of human emotions and the importance of living a meaningful life. Growing up in the small town of Paris, Tennessee, Linda developed a passion for poetry and a keen appreciation for the beauty found in everyday moments. She was Born on August 11, 1962, in Tennessee, she has become well-known for her ability to capture life’s essence in simple yet profound words. ![]() Linda Ellis is the talented and insightful poet behind the powerful and thought-provoking verses you just read. Would you be proud of the things they say, about how your spent your dash? About The Poet Linda Ellis So when your eulogy is being read, with your life’s actions to rehash, Remembering that this special dash might only last a little while. ![]() If we treat each other with respect and more often wear a smile, If we could just slow down enough to consider what is true and realĪnd always try to understand the way other people feel.Īnd be less quick to anger and show appreciation moreĪnd love the people in our lives like we have never loved before. So think about this long and hard are there things you would like to change?įor you never know how much time is left that can still be rearranged. What matters is how we live and love and how we spend our dash. ![]() He noted that first came the date of his birth, and spoke of the following date with tears,īut he said what mattered most of all was the dash between those years.įor that dash represents all the time that he spent alive on earth,Īnd now, only those who loved him know what that little line is worth.įor it matters not, how much we own, the cars, the house, the cash, He referred to the dates on his casket from beginning to the end. I read of a man who stood to speak at the funeral of a friend. ![]() There are many missing dependencies in the portion of code you provided. If you need any further help, please zip and email me the complete skin from your My Docs folder. I created a new skin using your code and changed 2 of the measure names to match the value you are using in the meter. Look at the Log and Skins should tell you exactly what is working or not. Hint: Right click the Rainmeter icon and select "About". And then that name without the brackets, but otherwise spelled identical, is what you provide in the meter for the MeasureName parameter. GPU memory used and graph, and displays the total memory on the card GPU Settings. Each measure must have a unique name indicated in the brackets. GPU temperature and graph, also has Fan speed in rpm or of operation Temp graph is 0-100 C or 0-212 F. I'm not sure what you mean by stating "(i edited the top of all these with MMSIAGPUU)", but that is your main issue. This will ensure the plugin is functioning properly. ![]() you need to have hwinfo installed and running at background. I reconfigured the illustro skin line to this minimalist beauty. And make sure the provided skin works before trying yours. Hey just want to comment that im a rainmeter user too haha (since version 2.0) heres my current setup. ImageName=#SKINSPATH#7Aero\IMAGES\PBARbg.pngīarImage=#SKINSPATH#7Aero\IMAGES\PBAR.pngĬlick to expand.Please read this post to see which. ImageName=#SKINSPATH#7Aero\IMAGES\GPUbg.png Requires MSI Afterburner to be running and the MSI Afterburner Plugin to edited the top of all these with MMSIAGPUU) PluginUsageMonitor retrieves infromation from the Windows Performance Monitor. Neither work.ĭescription=Shows various GPU details including Core Clock speed, Memory Clock speed, Load, Temperatures, Fan speed and GPU Name. UsageMonitor plugin - Rainmeter Documentation. The first core is 0, the second core is 1, etc.OMG I for the life of me cannot figure out why my gpu inst showing up. ![]() Load: Current indexed core usage as a percentage.ĬoreTempIndex Default: 0 Zero-based index of the core to measure.This is a calculation based on the BusSpeed for the CPU times the CoreBusMultiplier. The Rainmeter plugin will be installed by the. I have this configured for my card, an NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1660 Ti, but it can be altered to match the sensors for your card. CoreSpeed: Current indexed core frequency. This skin uses the HWiNFO application and Rainmeter plugin to monitor information about your graphics card / GPU. To prevent this, you need to get a track on the temperature of your system while working on your projects.CoreBusMultiplier: Current FSB multiplier for the indexed core.TjMax: Maximum allowed indexed core temperature.Temperature: Current indexed core temperature.These option values use CoreTempIndex to define a specific CPU core. Power: Current power consumption of the CPU.BusMultiplier: Current FSB bus multiplier.MaxTemperature: Current temperature of the hottest of all cores.CoreTempType Default: MaxTemperatureĭefines the information to measure. It uses Open Hardware Monitor as the source for the data so make sure you install it. Options General measure optionsĪll general measure options are valid. Its my first rainmeter creation so let me know if you encounter any issues. If you see the temperatures reading correctly in the HWiNFO sensors viewer, then the problem is with your configuration in the HWiNFO.inc file. CoreTemp version 1.18 temperature polling interval 3000 milliseconds. Note: If the value of the measure is to be used in a meter which requires a percentage, then appropriate MinValue and/or MaxValue options must be added to the measure. I notice that - since I dont know when - CoreTemp, accessed via Rainmeter, gives the wrong value for CPU temp (taken as a mean across cores) until Rainmeter is restarted. ![]() The latest CoreTemp application must be running in the background. Plugin=CoreTemp retrieves infromation from the CoreTemp application. ![]() The gravity engine is fully coded in javascript and Web GL, making a perfect union for performance and quality standards. Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.Free download Gravit Designer 3.5.63 full version standalone offline installer for Windows PC, a cross-platform, free vector design tool for the 21st century empowering everyone to design. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies. How Progressive Web Apps can drive business success.Įxcept as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under the Apache 2.0 License. Hulu replaced their platform-specific desktop experience with a PWA and saw aįor more information about the benefits of using PWAs, see.Subscriptions, and 49% more daily active users. ![]() After switching to a PWA, Nikkei saw 2.3 times more organic traffic, 58% more.Twitter's PWA led to a 65% increase in pages per session, 75% more Tweets, andĪ 20% decrease in bounce rate, all while reducing the size of their app by.Metrics and increases the value you get from your service. Launching a PWA doesn't just enhance the user experience. PWAs can also register toĪccept content from other applications, or to be the default application to Shortcuts, which are usually reserved in a browser. Installing a PWA also makes new capabilities available, including keyboard Making them feel like part of the device they're installed on. The userĬan search for them on a device and jump between them with the app switcher, Installed PWAsĪre launchable from on the user's home screen, dock, taskbar, or shelf. Window, transforming how users think about and interact with it. Making your PWA installable moves it out of the browser and into a standalone Possible, they expect the app to tell them there's trouble, instead of silently The app has issues with sending requests to your server. They expect the most recent content they've interacted with, suchĪs media tracks or tickets and itineraries, to be available and usable even if Users expect apps to load quickly on slow or flaky network connections, or even Reliable apps also need to be usable regardless of network connection. Users need to perceive your app as performing well just as much as they A reliable experience never leaves users wondering whether or not any Performance concerns affect the entire user experience, not just the onloadĮvent. Load times increase from one second to 10 seconds, the probability of ![]() Speed is critical for getting users to use your experience. Users deserve apps that respond to interaction quickly, and an ReliableĪ reliable Progressive Web App feels fast and dependable regardless of the Keeping the user safe and making using new websites less intimidating. All theseĬapabilities are built using the web's secure, user-centric permission model, Squoosh.app, a web-based image compressor.Īlthough some capabilities are still out of the web's reach, new and upcomingĪPIs are constantly expanding what the web can do with features like file systemĪccess, media controls, app badging, and full clipboard support. ![]() Of developers taking advantage of the web's new capabilities is The introduction of WebAssembly letsĭevelopers tap into other ecosystems, such as C, C++, and Rust, and bringĭecades of previously platform-specific features to the web. Notifications, then make that app installable and use WebGL and WebVR to allowĬonversations to move to virtual reality. For example, you can nowīuild a hyper-local video chat app using WebRTC, geolocation, and push Were once accessible only to platform-specific apps. Recently, software for the web has begun to develop capabilities that Web applications are more capable now than ever, and those capabilities are only Must design it to be capable, reliable, and installable. To make a PWA that feels as good to use as a platform-specific application, you They combine the broad reach of web apps with the richĬapabilities of platform-specific apps to enhance the user experience. Provide enhanced capabilities while still reaching any web user on any device Progressive Web Apps (PWA) are web apps built and enhanced with modern APIs to ![]() Snow: The 1.15 C D is used for roofs designed for snow loads.A Cd = 1.0 is referred to as Normal Duration since there is neither an increase nor decrease in the allowable stress. Floors: wood joists and trusses used in floors typically have a 1.0 C D, meaning they can safely be stressed at 100 percent of their allowable design load for a total accumulated time of 10 years.That means the allowable stress of the wood must be reduced by 10 percent. Under dead load (without any other load type applied) a wood structure has a reduction in its allowable stress and uses a C D of 0.9. Dead loads: Dead loads are permanent and constant (Section 1606.1 of the 2015 IBC).The most typical factors used today are derived from a graph similar to the one linked here. ![]() Load duration factors have been determined for a variety of building situations and the original testing started in the 1940s. Strength Design, also called LRFD, also accounts for load duration but does not directly use a C D factor in this fashion. Load duration factors are only used in Allowable Stress Design (Section 2306.1 of the 2015 IBC), which incorporates a Factor of Safety that separates Allowable load from Ultimate load. Using these established load duration factors, construction industry professionals can be assured that their buildings are being designed most efficiently and can still withstand these increased loads without reducing the factor of safety against damaging the lumber. Through many scientific tests that have been verified over time, it is a well-established fact that there is an inherent efficiency in wood that allows it to be “overloaded” by a prescribed percentage without reducing its factor of safety, provided the total time it is overloaded does not exceed a prescribed amount of accumulated time (key word: accumulated). If you put too much weight on the arm for too long, that factor of safety is reduced and the muscle fibers may become damaged.Īs an intuitive introduction only, this is how the concept of load duration works with wood. ![]() You can think of this as a factor of safety that defines the maximum allowable load your arm can support for a specific time period. With our arm muscle, there is an “allowable” load that we can support without damaging the muscle fiber. If asked to lift a “heavy” load, you might be able to lift and hold it parallel to the ground, but only for a few seconds. The more weight you added, the less time you would be able to hold it out straight. But if you added weight to your arm, the amount of time you could hold it out would shorten. Without any additional weight you would be able to hold your arm up that way for a fairly long time. Like a wood beam, the muscles in your arm (the fibers) allow you to hold your arm out perpendicular to your body (parallel to the ground) for an extended period of time. Both have fibers (muscle fibers in the arm, cellulose fibers in the wood) and both have an “allowable” strength they can safely support without being damaged. To begin to understand this phenomenon, compare your arm with a wood beam. They are referenced in the National Design Specification (NDS) for Wood Construction by the American Wood Council which is a Reference Standard in both Codes (ANSI/AWC NDS-2015). Load duration factors for wood are not directly referenced in the International Building Code (IBC) or International Residential Code (IRC). Indeed, while they see the C D factors all the time, a vast majority of those in the construction industry may not fully understand how they are determined, the special qualities of wood that allow for them, and the inherent design efficiency they afford. On the other hand, if wind is the controlling factor, they know roof trusses can be designed with a C D = 1.6.īut that’s probably where the understanding of load duration ends. If a building is designed for snow loads, for example, they probably know the roof trusses can be designed with a 1.15 load duration factor. ICC CODE COUNTS ARTICLE: JUNE 2017 LOAD DURATION FACTORS HED: EXPLAINING THE MEANING OF LOAD DURATION FACTORSīy: Jim Collins Ph.D., P.E., at MiTek USA, Inc.īuilders and code officials who have spent any time around wood-framed construction likely know about load duration factors, formally designated C D. These changes may also affect future building standards or insurance requirements. Officials from FEMA, Riverside and San Bernardino counties, and the cities mentioned above, worked together to provide updated information that accurately reflects the flood risk. During that time, residents or businesses with supporting technical and scientific information, such as detailed hydraulic or hydrologic data, can appeal the flood risk information on the preliminary maps, which can be viewed at /preliminaryfloodhazarddata.įlood hazards are dynamic and change frequently for many reasons, including weather patterns, erosion and community development. The new maps will help building officials, contractors and homeowners make effective mitigation decisions, thereby contributing to safer and more disaster resilient communities.īefore the new Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) become effective, there is a 90-day appeal period from Mato June 2, 2023. The maps identify revised flood hazards along the Santa Ana River, Highgrove Channel, Warm Springs Tributary C, Benton Creek and Pyrite Channel. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has delivered preliminary flood maps for unincorporated Riverside and San Bernardino counties and the cities of Chino, Chino Hills, Colton, Corona, Eastvale, Jurupa Valley, Norco, Ontario, Rialto and Riverside. Note that some communities may have more stringent requirements than the NFIP.OAKLAND, Calif. Please check with a local building official regarding the requirements for different flood zones and elevation in your area. Fore more information, visit National Flood Insurance Program Elevation Certificate and Instructions. Although these publications are written for local building officials, surveyors, architects, and engineers who are authorized by law to certify elevation information on the certificate, the information can help homeowners understand the requirements for elevating buildings. In addition, FEMA offers several free publications that provide information on how to complete an Elevation Certificate. ![]() All of these publications can be downloaded for free from FEMA’s NFIP Technical Bulletins web site here. Fact Sheet 9.1, Repairs, Remodeling, Additions, and Retrofitting – Flood, discusses requirements and recommendations when rebuilding or remodeling a property damaged by flood.įEMA also produces a series of Technical Bulletins to provide guidance on the building performance requirements of the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). FEMA P-499, Home Builder's Guide to Coastal Construction (FEMA, 2010) is a series of 37 fact sheets that provide technical guidance and recommendations concerning the construction of coastal residential buildings.Please refer to Section 5.2.3, Elevating on an Open Foundation. Chapter 5, Elevating Your Home, includes important elevation considerations and techniques. ![]() FEMA P-312, Homeowner’s Guide to Retrofitting(FEMA, 2014) is a guide for homeowners to help them make decisions when retrofitting their homes and it introduces flood protection methods and building construction techniques.Chapter 5E provides guidance to determine the appropriate parameters for elevation and includes procedures and alternatives that apply to elevating buildings with a variety of foundation types. Chapter 3 includes a checklist (Figure 3-1) to help determine homeowner preferences for retrofitting options and a checklist (Figure 3-10) that a design professional may use to assess the initial building condition and determine whether the house is a good candidate for elevation. FEMA P-259, Engineering Principles and Practices of Retrofitting Floodprone Residential Structures (FEMA, 2012) provides guidance for elevating an existing home.FEMA P-55, Coastal Construction Manual (FEMA, 2011) is a 2-volume publication that provides a comprehensive approach to planning, siting, designing, constructing, and maintaining homes in the coastal environment. Chapter 15 discusses retrofitting buildings for natural hazards. ![]() All of these publications can be downloaded for free from FEMA’s Building Science Publications web site. Yes, FEMA has several publications for homeowners, design professionals, and builders that illustrate important concepts and best practices for constructing stronger, safer residential buildings in flood-prone areas in accordance with building codes and standards. |
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